What is L-Glutathione (GSH)?

L-Glutathione is a naturally occurring tripeptide antioxidant made from amino acids, with high levels in many cells. It helps protect cells from oxidative stress and supports detoxification processes.

What are the main benefits of L-Glutathione?

It supports antioxidant defense by neutralizing reactive oxygen species and helps detoxification by conjugating certain compounds for excretion. It may also support aspects of immune function.

Does oral L-Glutathione increase glutathione levels?

Oral supplementation is intended to raise glutathione status, but absorption and bioavailability can vary by formulation and individual factors. Some people may respond better than others.

What is a typical L-Glutathione dosage?

Common supplemental amounts are about 250–1000 mg per day. The best dose depends on goals, formulation, and individual tolerance.

Is L-Glutathione safe and who should be cautious?

L-Glutathione is generally well tolerated for many people, but side effects can occur. People who are pregnant or breastfeeding, have medical conditions, or take medications should consult a clinician before use.

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L-Glutathione

Limited research available·3/10

A higher score indicates better study conditions, but not necessarily effectiveness.

L-Glutathione is a major cellular antioxidant tripeptide that supports detoxification, immune health, and cellular defense against oxidative stress.

Longevity Antioxidant Immune Booster Liver Health

dose range

250–1000 mg

Once or twice daily, with meals.

Consumption

Take with food for better tolerability; oral bioavailability is debated, but sublingual forms and precursors may be alternatives.

Not fat-soluble.

Best time

Splitting the dose between meals may improve absorption. Take with the first and/or second meal.

Description

L-Glutathione (reduced glutathione, GSH) is a naturally occurring antioxidant synthesized in the liver from amino acids. It plays a critical role in neutralizing reactive oxygen species, supporting detoxification pathways, and regulating immune responses. While endogenous glutathione is essential for health, oral supplementation aims to increase tissue levels, though absorption and bioavailability remain debated.

benefits

Main effects with level of evidence

Limited

Note on evidence

Glutathione’s fundamental biological roles are clear, but clinical evidence for oral supplementation benefits is limited and often based on small or heterogeneous trials.

Antioxidant Defense

Limited

Helps neutralize free radicals and reduces oxidative stress in cells, potentially supporting cellular health and longevity.

Particularly relevant for: Aging adults · Individuals under high oxidative stress

S1 · NIH Office of Dietary Supplements – Glutathione Fact Sheet S2 · Examine.com – Glutathione S3 · EFSA – Scientific Opinion on Glutathione S7 · Cochrane Review – Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality

Supports Detoxification and Liver Function

Limited

Assists in detoxification by conjugating toxins for excretion, and may support liver health, especially in individuals with compromised liver function.

Particularly relevant for: People with liver concerns · General population

S1 · NIH Office of Dietary Supplements – Glutathione Fact Sheet S2 · Examine.com – Glutathione S3 · EFSA – Scientific Opinion on Glutathione S6 · Healthline – Glutathione Benefits

Immune Modulation

Limited

May enhance immune cell activity, supporting overall immune response; some evidence for increasing natural killer cell function.

Particularly relevant for: Individuals with immune vulnerability

S4 · PubMed – Glutathione and immune function S2 · Examine.com – Glutathione

Potential Adjunct in Specific Conditions

Limited

Studied as an adjunct in chronic illnesses such as Parkinson’s disease and diabetes, though evidence is mixed and more research is needed.

Particularly relevant for: People with chronic disease (with medical oversight)

S2 · Examine.com – Glutathione S4 · PubMed – Glutathione and immune function S6 · Healthline – Glutathione Benefits

Safety & Information

Important safety information & known risks

For educational purposes only • not medical advice

Considered safe at common doses; adverse effects are rare but possible with higher doses or in specific populations.

warning notices

Primary adverse effects are mild and may include bloating or cramping at high doses.
Oral supplementation is generally well tolerated at up to 1000 mg/day for short durations.
Individuals with asthma may be at increased risk for bronchospasm.
Avoid use if you have asthma unless prescribed by a doctor, as glutathione may trigger bronchospasm in susceptible individuals.
People receiving chemotherapy should only use glutathione supplements under clinical supervision, due to possible drug interactions.

Known interactions with medications

Chemotherapy agents
Immunosuppressive drugs

Contraindications / special precautions

Asthma without clinician oversight
Cancer treatment unless supervised by an oncologist

interactions

Important interactions between active ingredient ↔ supplement / medication / food

L-Glutathione interacts with certain medications and may influence drug effectiveness, especially chemotherapy. Limited but clinically relevant supplement-drug interactions exist.