Trimethylglycine
(Betaine)
TMG (Betaine) supports methylation and homocysteine reduction, with potential benefits for cardiovascular health and exercise performance.
Trimethylglycine (TMG, Betaine) is a compound found in beets and whole grains. As a methyl donor, it is involved in key biological processes, including homocysteine metabolism, DNA methylation, and liver function. Betaine is available as a supplement in powder or capsule form, often paired with B vitamins.
There is moderate clinical evidence supporting TMG’s effect on lowering homocysteine, with emerging but less robust evidence for performance and liver health benefits.
Reduces Homocysteine for Cardiovascular Support
ModerateTMG donates methyl groups to convert homocysteine to methionine, which may lower cardiovascular risk by reducing homocysteine blood levels.
Enhances Exercise Performance
LimitedSupplementation with TMG may increase power output and reduce fatigue, especially during high-intensity resistance training, though results are mixed and effect size is modest.
Supports Liver Health
LimitedHigh-dose TMG may reduce liver fat accumulation and support treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), though use for these conditions requires medical oversight.
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