Cynarin is a phenolic compound found mainly in artichoke leaves (Cynara scolymus). It is commonly included in supplements aimed at supporting digestion and liver function.

What are the potential benefits of cynarin?

Cynarin (often as part of artichoke extract) is associated with antioxidant activity, bile-stimulating effects, and potential support for liver enzyme balance. It may also support cholesterol and triglyceride management in some people.

How does cynarin support digestion?

Cynarin can stimulate bile production and flow, which helps the body digest fats. This may reduce indigestion symptoms such as bloating or post-meal discomfort.

What is a typical cynarin dosage?

Supplement dosages commonly fall around 8–32 mg of cynarin per day, depending on the product and standardization. Follow the label directions and consider medical advice if you have liver or gallbladder conditions.

Is cynarin safe, and who should avoid it?

Cynarin is generally used as part of artichoke leaf supplements, but it may not be suitable for people with bile duct obstruction or certain gallbladder problems. Those who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking medications should consult a clinician before use.

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Cynarin

Moderate study situation·7/10

A higher score indicates better study conditions, but not necessarily effectiveness.

Phenolic compound from artichoke leaves with antioxidant, choleretic, and potential liver-protective effects.

Digestion & Gut Health Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Liver Health Gallbladder Support Cholesterol Management

dose range

8–32 mg

Divided in 2–3 daily doses with meals.

Consumption

Take with meals to promote bile flow and reduce potential digestive discomfort. Usually as part of an artichoke leaf extract standardized to 2.5–5% cynarin.

Not fat-soluble.

Best time

Best taken with main meals (breakfast/lunch/dinner) for digestive benefits. Separate from bile acid sequestrants.

Description

Cynarin is a bioactive molecule found mainly in artichoke leaves (Cynara scolymus). It is known for its antioxidant, choleretic (bile-stimulating), and potential hepatoprotective properties, and often used in supplements targeting liver and digestive health.

benefits

Main effects with level of evidence

Moderate

Note on evidence

Most evidence comes from studies of artichoke extract, of which cynarin is a key active component, rather than isolated cynarin. Effects on liver enzymes, digestion, and cholesterol have supporting clinical trial data, but research on isolated cynarin in humans is limited.

Supports Liver Enzyme Balance

Moderate

Cynarin, via artichoke extract, may help lower elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and other mild liver dysfunctions, suggesting support for normal liver function.

Particularly relevant for: Individuals with elevated liver enzymes · NAFLD patients

S3 · PMCID: PMC9348909 — Effects of Cynara scolymus L. supplementation on liver enzymes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials S7 · Examine.com: Artichoke Extract S6 · NIH LiverTox: Artichoke (Cynara scolymus)

Cholesterol and Lipid Management

Moderate

Artichoke-derived cynarin may contribute to modest reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, attributed to inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and increased bile excretion.

Particularly relevant for: Those with mildly elevated cholesterol · General cardiovascular support

S4 · PubMed PMID: 28609140 — Efficacy of artichoke leaf extract on lipid profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis S7 · Examine.com: Artichoke Extract S8 · EFSA (European Food Safety Authority): Artichoke Leaf

Digestive Aid and Bile Flow

Limited

Cynarin stimulates bile production, which can improve fat digestion and alleviate symptoms of indigestion such as bloating and discomfort.

Particularly relevant for: Individuals with sluggish digestion or mild dyspepsia

S1 · WebMD: Artichoke S7 · Examine.com: Artichoke Extract

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects

Limited

Cynarin exhibits antioxidant activity and may have anti-inflammatory effects by reducing free radicals and inflammatory signaling in vitro.

Particularly relevant for: General prevention · Those seeking antioxidant support

S5 · PMCID: PMC6271736 — Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of artichoke phenolic compounds S7 · Examine.com: Artichoke Extract

Safety & Information

Important safety information & known risks

For educational purposes only • not medical advice

Generally well-tolerated at supplemental dosages as part of artichoke extract, but possible risks for individuals with bile duct conditions or allergies.

warning notices

Rare mild gastrointestinal symptoms (gas, cramping) may occur.
Allergy risk for those sensitive to Asteraceae (daisy) family plants.
Not advised for persons with bile duct obstruction or gallstones except under medical supervision.
Avoid if allergic to plants in the Asteraceae (daisy) family due to risk of allergic reaction.
Do not use if you have bile duct obstruction or gallstones without medical supervision.
Use with caution if you have known cholelithiasis or cholangitis, and seek clinician guidance.

Known interactions with medications